abe io “RIE Pe ore od ths abbase Gp to how oF critical ciomints who, 88 8 rulo eppoar to romnin monbers of the party and, in cortain ¢asea, of the Central Committos. js for relations with the masses, the methods peculiar to the Msoist loadorship, more in¢lined to burcauerntic patornallam than to measures of ropression, hevo net boen abandoned and is ia particularly significant that ona of tho most froquant idoological theama Advanced by the ruling group is tha ono dealing with oqualitarianiam which the Soviet bureaucracy has gondemned sinec the thirtioa as inepired by potty-bourgeocis concepts. But abova all it should be noted that after Lenin's death the buronueracy reso victoricuely, suceseding in consolidsting its hogomony - if only tomporsrily from the historic point of view agninst tho foreos that resisted it, Tho Chinese eyonta of today howevor aro unfolding within tho framework of the world criais of tho bureauoratic systam that oponed up with tha broak botwoon Stalin and Yugoslavin, oxploding in tho Polish ond Hungarian October 19 1956 and roaching a new atage with the Sino-Soviet conflict of the Sixties and 911 ita multiple roper= oueeilons.,
(6) Tho curront crisig has boon markod up to now much moro by the intra=-burcaucratic conflicts then by coarnfrontaticna boatwoon tha massoa and the bureaucracy na 8 wholo. It exprdssoa in tho final analysis tho Limite and tontradictions in the concepts ond attitudes which the Chinose loaders have adopted since tho poriod of 1956-59, under tho presaure of national and intornational events. It also reflects the pressure of factors whichare relovant today, be it only as goneral tendancles, and most strongly thosc which cheracteriso the progont international situation, to wit, tho erisis of the cammmist movement and tha imporialiet aggression in Viotnam,
4e the Fourth Intornationnl hea strassed from the time when tho first indicntions of tho conflict betwoon Moscow and Poking bocamea monifest tha spotific objective conditions in which it occurred impelled the Chinosa loadership to adopt mora progrosaive overnll positions than the concapta of the CP of the USSR e posture more Likoly to get 4 faroureble roapense fran leftewing surronts in the intornational workors’ moyament, Fut sinco the Chinces lasdership ramti:ad within tho framework of 8 bursaucratic roginc, ita relatively mora progressive positicnsa could not go boyond certain limits; moreover at a given moment, thoso progressive foaturea tandoed incvitably to bocamo dissipatad and tho Chinese bureaueracy could not avold growing difficultias snd a gonuwine impassa,
In the field of intornetional policy, it was. porticulerly in roliotion to the crisis in Indonesian and tho course of the war in Vietnan that the Chineess positions underwint o aavero test, Tho maintonanca, dospito oriticiama levelled against Khrushecheviem, of cut and out opportunist oriontoationa with regard to certain notional beurgeolsies of tha eclonial or ax-colonial countrias, and the determination to subordinate te o largo dogres the needs of the anticapitaliat revolutionary struggle of tha masses to tho diplomatic noods of the stata unquestionably contributed to the tragic dofeat of the Indonasian CP, tho most faithful ally of tha Chinese CP fer a numbar of yours. The rejoction a priori of © united front with th USSR ond tho other workers! states on the Vlotnam wor soricualy
injured the cause of the National Liberation Front and the defence of
the Democratic Ropublic of Victmam and, in tha: final anolysis, of tha
Chinese Poople’s Republic itaclf, threntcasd as it likowiea is by impericl-
ist aggression, 411 this - togethor with the utilization of odious
mthods of pressure and oven blackmeil (for instones, on tho matter of
tice for Cuba, and the reprisals against the Japancse CP) - contributed
in & decisive way to tha growing ilgclation or the Chinese loaders inthe
international Communist movement, the orgnnizticns and groupe that support
thom being in almost 211 cases sects without resi influones, hoaded by
burgaucrate much mores .concerned about faithfully echoing the official
thasis promulestod by Poking thon in elaborating a new revolutionary
orientation for tho workora’ movement of their countrios,
In the economie fisld, the great loap forward was rathor replidly
abandoned sand even tha communa movyoment undorwont serious roatifications,
Bat tho course followed during the past five or siz yoors, while meking
possible on ungusstionable reorganisation ond 5 palpable rocovery ond oven
important gains in som sciontific ond military fields involrad .cuite
modest rites of growth, insufficiont to ssaure the oxpansion needed by the
Chinose economy. The orientations of tho now plan do not yot scem to ba
fully detomminod; in my caso, without profound changes, multiple diffi-
culties will ariss at various stages.
In tho fiald of culture, aftor tha rectification following ‘the
100 Flowira' campaign, the Macist leadership boa caciliated betwoon a
rolotivya and striotly limited Mboraliam ond an absolutely rigid control,
justified by ‘Zhdanov-liko argumonts, Tho consoquence waa that tho loader-
ahip has act baan able to provent eriticn)] concopts from omerging, within
tho top bodies of the party andthe state a5 wll ss slsawhere, In atdition
the Londership provoked grove tangions when it trisd to fill in tho breaches
whith it eccnsif¢arcd in vorlous ways to bo vory dongaroug,
All thage ecntradictions could not helo but arouso oonfliota
within the leadership itsol? se it sought now wavs to got out from undars
Those conflicts snd the mathoda which the Mac group has applied in ita
campaion agninst its adversirias, particularly in the mest recent phaac,
ageravated the erisia by furthor atimulating critical attitudes with regard
to the loaders anong bread misses of activists and cadres, cmating.a
situation in which snti-bureaucratic tondoncics are amarging, oven if,
only apontinacus and incipiont onos, Thia could ba tho proludo to a naw
stago in which thea tenalens betwoen tho bureaucracy and tho masses would
take precadanco ovar the intra-bureaucratic confrontation.
(3) The Fourth International maintains that the crisia in recent
months has confirmed ita ostimate that the Chineso lonadership, despito tho
positive roic it ployed in criticizing ths losdership of tho CPUSSR end the
mijority of the Communist partiaos, remains o bureaucratic leedorship, Tho
struggle for proletarinn domocrsey agsinat auch a loadership cannot bring
abous a qualitative chengo in tho political rogima cxcept by means of «a
profound mobilization of tho amesesa capable of breaking tireuch the framc-
work of the burganeratic systom, ond by tha sctio of 4 new Maraiss
rovolutioneary vanguard able tc orioant tho masa movement tewnrds eatablishineg
a democratic proletarian power,
dt tho prasont stago, the Fourth International reaffirms tho neod to establish a united front of «11 the workers’ states end partioa on & pletform of conaistont atrugelo against dmoricean aggrogsion in Victnan, Whils the Fourth Intornational maintains its sovero criticism of tho major rosponsibility of tho Soviot burgayersey; while we hold that tha distruat on the part of Chins ean bo aozpl-inod by a whole soriog of positions by Moscow (axtanding from its poassivo attituda in Vietnam to its oquivocal policy in Europo end from militery-sid to the rosaetioary Hindu bourgocisic to the loan granted tho militarist goverment of Brazil); whilo we balievo that a Soviot losderahip mossuring up ta its duties would renffirm its allinnes with China in tho hour of danger and moko clear to imparialian without any possibility of misunderatonding that «a war againat Chinn would bo considered mm ottack ageinst tho Soviet Union, it likewise condemns tho outright rajection by Mno-Lin Pine of a wmited front and joint action.
he for tho oconemiec probloms, while the Fourth International rejects any Liberman-type technosratic aclution, involving in reality o strengthening of various porticuler leyors of tho buroaweraty and an eecentuation of inadmissible social incquclity in o workors' state, wo iitewise hold thet * balanced economic growth in Ghina is not possible execpt by instituting workers minagoment by, supplyins the methods of democratic caontrnlized planning, andi ty the democratic co-ordination of tho workora' states wonomic plonning,
The Fourth International mainteings that © workers' atate must adhores to aqualitearion conecptea - in the conerete historie aonge outlined by Marx and Lanin-= end abolish all fortia of privileza, With rogerd to tho current propngandsa of the Chinasn CP, wa denounce first of oil the gap betwoon ideological oxpressiona ond reality end call attention noxt to the fact that in tho finel anslysia resl communist oquality cannot be established except on the basis of a vory hich lovel of tho productive forecs, and to tho fact that in the transitional poriod tho only mans to approach thia aim is by fighting agninst ony form of bureaucratic deminrtion ond leadorship and for tho widest internal domocracy in the party, in the unions, in tho moag oreanizntiona, in the setivitiea of the atate ond in tha sdminietration at nll levele,.
In the field of culture, tho Fourth Intemational while rejocting the doformation of the positions of Trotsky and ths Trotskyists by the official orgsna of the Soviet burasurerncy rasffirma thet tho stugelo against the ideology of the pnst and ageinst tho posaible distortiona aminating fron the influence of the olaes osomy cannot bo conducted effectively through administrative minsures snd tho imposition of ataroo= typed elogans or ossified norma, It must be won on the tasia of the mxbonomsus development of the potontinlities cf the mew sooloty, from an axpansion of the ganiunely eritical apirit ond tha froo confrontation of vorying orientotions tnd concopta, In particulor the practioa of a jlondership eult carricd to its most grotesquo oxpreasion, must be aondamned in the most omphatic way, since this practice threstens to atifle my apirit: of independent judgment, to cripple ony collective taumwork, ttereby making impossible a really democratic life in tha Loabcur moroment nnd in the state,
With ragard to the problems of the intermational workors' more}
ment, the Fourth Intornationnl holds that o whole series of rocont
oxporiendesa = in the first placo the catastrophe in Indonesia - must be
eriticnlly probed to the bottom, Those responsible for the policy which
lod to the disnstrous dofeat must bo mereilossly donouneod, The renovation
of tha world Communist movoment in a sow mess intornistional to tho foma=
tion of which the Fourth Internitionsl has ocdo and will continue to make
an indispensible contribution is not possible without the most completa
interno] democracy and real equallty omong o11 sectors of tha moverent,
without the rejection of any direct or indirect imposition of wight by
the most powerful workers" states, Only alonz thia vond will it bo possible
to develop o stratogic and tactical lina corresponding to the burning
nocessities of our times end to assure onthudinstic singlo-mindsed diacipline
in notions - ee
re